Decision Making under Uncertainty

Front Cover
Kerstin Preuschoff, Peter N. C. Mohr, Ming Hsu
Frontiers Media SA, Jun 16, 2015 - Biological psychiatry - 143 pages

Most decisions in life are based on incomplete information and have uncertain consequences. To successfully cope with real-life situations, the nervous system has to estimate, represent and eventually resolve uncertainty at various levels. A common tradeoff in such decisions involves those between the magnitude of the expected rewards and the uncertainty of obtaining the rewards. For instance, a decision maker may choose to forgo the high expected rewards of investing in the stock market and settle instead for the lower expected reward and much less uncertainty of a savings account. Little is known about how different forms of uncertainty, such as risk or ambiguity, are processed and learned about and how they are integrated with expected rewards and individual preferences throughout the decision making process. With this Research Topic we aim to provide a deeper and more detailed understanding of the processes behind decision making under uncertainty.

 

Selected pages

Contents

Decision making under uncertainty
4
Different varieties of uncertainty in human decisionmaking
6
Making predictions in a changing worldinference uncertainty and learning
17
estimation uncertainty and unexpected uncertainty both modulate exploration
27
Effects of prior knowledge on decisions made under perceptual vs categorical uncertainty
33
What are the odds? The neural correlates of active choice during gambling
43
Preference reversals in decision making under risk are accompanied by changes in attention to different attributes
59
an fMRI investigation of the balloon analog risk task
69
A neuropsychological approach to understanding risktaking for potential gains and losses
80
Contextual factors explain riskseeking preferences in rhesus monkeys
91
Social anxiety modulates risk sensitivity through activity in the anterior insula
98
Dissociable neural processes underlying risky decisions for self versus other
107
Neuroeconomic measures of social decisionmaking across the lifespan
119
Social information and economic decisionmaking in the ultimatum game
126
Toward an affective neuroscience account of financial risk taking
134
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Common terms and phrases

active-choice ambiguity averse amount amygdala analysis angular gyrus anterior cingulate cortex balloon Bechara behavior bets bilateral Bossaerts brain regions categorical uncertainty choice trials cingulate cortex Cogn cognitive control context contrast Dayan deci decision-for-self distribution DMPFC effect emotional environment estimation uncertainty expected value exploration Figure financial risk taking fixations fMRI forms of uncertainty frontal gyrus function gains and losses gambles human increased insula interaction Knutson learning Lingual gyrus medial Middle frontal gyrus MidFG monkeys negative neural activity neural correlates neural responses neuroeconomics neuroimaging Neuron Nucleus accumbens observed orbitofrontal cortex outcomes P-bet parameters parametric modulation parietal participants perceptual uncertainty potential prediction preference reversals Preuschoff probability of winning processes Psychol pumps reward risk-averse risk-seeking risk-taking risky choice risky decision S-R-O contingencies selection self–other skewness social anxiety supramarginal gyrus tainty task tion uncer unexpected uncertainty variance ventromedial prefrontal cortex versus visual vmPFC volatility voxels

Bibliographic information

TitleDecision Making under Uncertainty
Frontiers Research Topics
EditorsKerstin Preuschoff, Peter N. C. Mohr, Ming Hsu
PublisherFrontiers Media SA, 2015
ISBN2889194663, 9782889194667
Length143 pages
  
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